Improving cancer immunotherapy efficacy may depend on targeting exosomes

An expanding body of literature has described the roles of extracellular vesicles (including exosomes) in both tumor progression and suppression (1, 2). A recent report by Poggio et al. contributes to this discussion by revealing that exosomes bearing the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1 promote tumor progression by compromising T cell activity (3). The authors used various tumor cell lines and genetic approaches in the context of a mouse in vivo system to show that disrupting either PD-L1 expression or exosome biogenesis supported anti-tumor immunity. In addition, their data reinforces the notion that anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy is less active against PD-L1-carrying exosomes, suggesting that regimens could potentially be made more effective by the inclusion of agents specifically targeting exosomes and exosomal PD-L1. Finally, the authors found that blocking exosome generation at one tumor site gives rise to systemic immune activation against other remote tumor challenges.

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Featured Exosome Markers

1. Cited and independently reviewed
2. Validated using exosome extracts
3. Multiple applications and species

Syntenin 1 antibody [GT1523] (GTX634154)

CD63 antibody [MEM-259] (GTX28219)

CD81 antibody (GTX101766)

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References

1. Cancer Res. 2017 Dec 1;77(23):6480-6488.
2. Nat Med. 2001 Mar;7(3):297-303.
3. Cell. 2019 Apr 4;177(2):414-427.e13.